Systematics of multi-tool setup on lathe group machines

The analysis of factory lathe-automatic operations revealed a significant variety of multi-tool
setups and identified its areas of application. To develop a matrix theory of accuracy for multi-tool machining and
create a unified algorithmic approach to errors modeling for all possible spatial multi-tool setups, it is necessary
to consider the flexibility of the technological system in all coordinate directions. In this regard, it is required to
systematize a large number of existing multi-tool setups and classify it to structure the information and improve the

understanding of its application. Purpose of the work is to develop a classification of multi-tool setups on multi-
carriage and multi-spindle CNC lathes, enabling the creation of both a matrix model of machining accuracy for each

classification class and a unified generalized matrix model of machining accuracy for the entire classification class.
The work investigates the systematics of multi-tool setups, oriented toward the development of matrix models of
machining accuracy. Therefore, the classification considered in this work is aimed at identifying the characteristics
of force loading and deformation of the technological system during multi-tool machining. The research methods
involve identifying the parameters used for classification and the hierarchy of these parameters, which determines
the levels and order of the systematics. Based on the principles of systematics of multi-tool setups used in traditional
automatic lathes, an analysis of its adaptation to the capabilities of modern lathes designed for multi-tool machining
is conducted. Results and discussion. As a result of the research, a formalized six-level classification of multi-tool
setups is developed, which includes the following aspects: the method of workpiece mounting, the set of carriages,
the types of cutting tools, the types and directions of carriage feeds, the orientation of cutting tools relative to
the workpiece, and the method of tool engagement (parallel, sequential). This classification takes into account the
technological capabilities for organizing multi-tool machining on modern CNC lathes. The main classes of the
proposed systematics of multi-tool setups in the presented work include single-carriage single-coordinate setups,
single-carriage two-coordinate setups, dual-carriage single-coordinate setups, dual-carriage two-coordinate setups,
and multi-carriage setups. The proposed systematics of multi-tool setups on lathe group machines is aimed at
developing machining accuracy models and can serve as a basis for developing recommendations on cutting modes
for these CNC machines. The proposed classification of multi-tool setups forms the foundation of the methodological
support for the CAD system of lathe-automatic operations and serves as the basis for creating next-generation CAD
systems for lathe operations.